diff --git a/src/renderer/delete.js b/src/renderer/delete.js
index 6a0ad99..314deb3 100644
--- a/src/renderer/delete.js
+++ b/src/renderer/delete.js
@@ -2,17 +2,16 @@ import { state }                                        from './state.js';
 import { setStatus, showToast }                          from './ui.js';
 import { renderGrid, showEmptyGrid }                     from './grid.js';
 import * as history                                      from './history.js';
+import { openModal, closeModal }                         from './modal.js';
 
 const deleteModal    = document.getElementById('delete-modal');
 const deleteFileList = document.getElementById('delete-file-list');
-const deleteCancelBtn  = document.getElementById('delete-cancel');
 const deleteConfirmBtn = document.getElementById('delete-confirm');
 const btnRename = document.getElementById('btn-rename');
 
 let _pendingFiles = null;
 
-deleteCancelBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  deleteModal.style.display = 'none';
+deleteModal.addEventListener('modal:closed', () => {
   _pendingFiles = null;
 });
 
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ deleteConfirmBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
   if (!_pendingFiles) return;
   const files = _pendingFiles;
   _pendingFiles = null;
-  deleteModal.style.display = 'none';
+  closeModal(deleteModal);
   await _doDelete(files);
 });
 
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ export function deleteSelected() {
     return li;
   }));
   _pendingFiles = filesToDelete;
-  deleteModal.style.display = 'flex';
+  openModal(deleteModal);
 }
 
 export function init(gridEl) {
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ export function init(gridEl) {
       return li;
     }));
     _pendingFiles = filesToDelete;
-    deleteModal.style.display = 'flex';
+    openModal(deleteModal);
   });
 }
 
diff --git a/src/renderer/index.html b/src/renderer/index.html
index 2a16674..0a36e57 100644
--- a/src/renderer/index.html
+++ b/src/renderer/index.html
@@ -79,58 +79,63 @@
 <div id="toast"></div>
 
 <div id="move-modal" class="modal-overlay" style="display:none;">
-  <div class="modal-box">
+  <div class="modal-box modal-box-with-title">
+    <div class="modal-titlebar">이미지 이동</div>
     <p class="modal-msg">대상 폴더에 이미 같은 이름의 파일이 존재합니다.<br>새로운 이름으로 파일들을 이동하시겠습니까?</p>
     <div class="modal-fields">
       <label>파일명 포맷<input type="text" id="move-prefix" value="photo" placeholder="접두사" /></label>
       <label>자리 순번 숫자<input type="number" id="move-digits" value="4" min="1" max="6" /></label>
     </div>
     <div class="modal-actions">
-      <button id="move-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost">취소</button>
-      <button id="move-confirm" class="btn btn-success">실행</button>
+      <button id="move-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost modal-close">취소</button>
+      <button id="move-confirm" class="btn btn-success modal-action">실행</button>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>
 
 <div id="rename-confirm-modal" class="modal-overlay" style="display:none;">
   <div class="modal-box modal-box-with-title">
-    <div class="modal-titlebar" id="rename-confirm-title"></div>
+    <div class="modal-titlebar rename-title-selected" hidden>선택된 이미지 저장</div>
+    <div class="modal-titlebar rename-title-all">전체 이미지 저장</div>
     <p class="modal-msg" id="rename-confirm-msg"></p>
     <ul id="rename-confirm-list" class="modal-conflict-list modal-preview-list"></ul>
 	  <p class="modal-warning" id="rename-confirm-selection-warning" style="display:none;">선택된 파일들만 저장합니다</p>
     <div class="modal-actions">
-      <button id="rename-confirm-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost">취소</button>
-      <button id="rename-confirm-ok" class="btn btn-success">실행</button>
+      <button id="rename-confirm-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost modal-close">취소</button>
+      <button id="rename-confirm-ok" class="btn btn-success modal-action">실행</button>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>
 
 <div id="rename-conflict-modal" class="modal-overlay" style="display:none;">
-  <div class="modal-box">
+  <div class="modal-box modal-box-with-title">
+    <div class="modal-titlebar modal-titlebar-warning">이름 충돌</div>
     <p class="modal-msg">변경할 이름의 파일이 이미 존재합니다.</p>
     <ul id="rename-conflict-list" class="modal-conflict-list"></ul>
     <div class="modal-actions">
-      <button id="rename-conflict-close" class="btn btn-ghost">닫기</button>
+      <button id="rename-conflict-close" class="btn btn-ghost modal-close">닫기</button>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>
 
 <div id="delete-modal" class="modal-overlay" style="display:none;">
-  <div class="modal-box">
+  <div class="modal-box modal-box-with-title">
+    <div class="modal-titlebar modal-titlebar-danger">이미지 삭제</div>
     <p class="modal-msg">아래 파일을 삭제합니다.</p>
     <ul id="delete-file-list" class="modal-conflict-list"></ul>
     <div class="modal-actions">
-      <button id="delete-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost">취소</button>
-      <button id="delete-confirm" class="btn btn-warning">확인</button>
+      <button id="delete-cancel" class="btn btn-ghost modal-close">취소</button>
+      <button id="delete-confirm" class="btn btn-success modal-action">실행</button>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>
 
 <div id="move-error-modal" class="modal-overlay" style="display:none;">
-  <div class="modal-box">
+  <div class="modal-box modal-box-with-title">
+    <div class="modal-titlebar modal-titlebar-warning">이동 오류</div>
     <p class="modal-msg">새로운 이름의 파일도 존재합니다.</p>
     <div class="modal-actions">
-      <button id="move-error-close" class="btn btn-ghost">닫기</button>
+      <button id="move-error-close" class="btn btn-ghost modal-close">닫기</button>
     </div>
   </div>
 </div>
diff --git a/src/renderer/modal.js b/src/renderer/modal.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5cecc28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer/modal.js
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+export function initModalControls() {
+  document.addEventListener('click', e => {
+    const closeBtn = e.target.closest('.modal-close');
+    if (!closeBtn) return;
+
+    const modal = closeBtn.closest('.modal-overlay');
+    if (!modal) return;
+
+    closeModal(modal);
+  });
+
+  document.addEventListener('keydown', e => {
+    const modal = getActiveModal();
+    if (!modal) return;
+
+    if (e.code === 'Escape') {
+      const closeBtn = modal.querySelector('.modal-close');
+      if (!closeBtn) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      closeBtn.click();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (e.code === 'Enter') {
+      const actionBtn = modal.querySelector('.modal-action');
+      if (!actionBtn) return;
+      e.preventDefault();
+      actionBtn.click();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (e.code === 'Tab') {
+      trapFocus(e, modal);
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+export function openModal(modal) {
+  modal.style.display = 'flex';
+  const primaryBtn = modal.querySelector('.modal-action');
+  const closeBtn = modal.querySelector('.modal-close');
+  (primaryBtn || closeBtn)?.focus();
+}
+
+export function closeModal(modal) {
+  modal.style.display = 'none';
+  modal.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('modal:closed'));
+}
+
+function getActiveModal() {
+  const modals = [...document.querySelectorAll('.modal-overlay')];
+  return modals.find(modal => modal.style.display === 'flex') || null;
+}
+
+function trapFocus(e, modal) {
+  const focusable = getFocusableElements(modal);
+  if (!focusable.length) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    modal.focus();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const first = focusable[0];
+  const last = focusable[focusable.length - 1];
+  const active = document.activeElement;
+
+  if (!modal.contains(active)) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    first.focus();
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (e.shiftKey && active === first) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    last.focus();
+  } else if (!e.shiftKey && active === last) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    first.focus();
+  }
+}
+
+function getFocusableElements(container) {
+  const selector = [
+    'button:not([disabled])',
+    'input:not([disabled])',
+    'select:not([disabled])',
+    'textarea:not([disabled])',
+    'a[href]',
+    '[tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])',
+  ].join(',');
+
+  return [...container.querySelectorAll(selector)]
+    .filter(el => !el.hidden && el.offsetParent !== null);
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer/move.js b/src/renderer/move.js
index b14b663..78804ad 100644
--- a/src/renderer/move.js
+++ b/src/renderer/move.js
@@ -2,53 +2,48 @@ import { state }                                        from './state.js';
 import { showLoading, hideLoading, setStatus, showToast } from './ui.js';
 import { renderGrid, updateSelCount, showEmptyGrid }      from './grid.js';
 import * as history                                      from './history.js';
+import { openModal, closeModal }                         from './modal.js';
 
 const btnRename        = document.getElementById('btn-rename');
 const moveModal        = document.getElementById('move-modal');
 const movePrefixInput  = document.getElementById('move-prefix');
 const moveDigitsInput  = document.getElementById('move-digits');
-const moveCancelBtn    = document.getElementById('move-cancel');
 const moveConfirmBtn   = document.getElementById('move-confirm');
 const moveErrorModal   = document.getElementById('move-error-modal');
-const moveErrorCloseBtn = document.getElementById('move-error-close');
 
 let _pendingMoveTarget = null;
 let _pendingMoveFiles  = null;
 
-moveCancelBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  moveModal.style.display = 'none';
+moveModal.addEventListener('modal:closed', () => {
   _pendingMoveTarget = null;
   _pendingMoveFiles  = null;
 });
 
 moveConfirmBtn.addEventListener('click', async () => {
+  if (!_pendingMoveTarget || !_pendingMoveFiles) return;
+
   const prefix = movePrefixInput.value.trim() || 'photo';
   const digits = Math.max(1, Math.min(6, parseInt(moveDigitsInput.value) || 4));
+  const targetPath = _pendingMoveTarget;
+  const pendingFiles = _pendingMoveFiles;
 
-  const newNames = _pendingMoveFiles.map((f, i) => {
+  const newNames = pendingFiles.map((f, i) => {
     const ext = f.name.split('.').pop().toLowerCase();
     return `${prefix}_${String(i + 1).padStart(digits, '0')}.${ext}`;
   });
 
-  const conflicts = await window.api.checkFilesExist(_pendingMoveTarget, newNames);
+  const conflicts = await window.api.checkFilesExist(targetPath, newNames);
   if (conflicts.length) {
-    moveModal.style.display = 'none';
-    moveErrorModal.style.display = 'flex';
+    closeModal(moveModal);
+    openModal(moveErrorModal);
     return;
   }
 
-  moveModal.style.display = 'none';
-  const targetPath  = _pendingMoveTarget;
-  const filesToMove = _pendingMoveFiles.map((f, i) => ({ ...f, newName: newNames[i] }));
-  _pendingMoveTarget = null;
-  _pendingMoveFiles  = null;
+  const filesToMove = pendingFiles.map((f, i) => ({ ...f, newName: newNames[i] }));
+  closeModal(moveModal);
   await _doMoveFiles(targetPath, filesToMove);
 });
 
-moveErrorCloseBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  moveErrorModal.style.display = 'none';
-});
-
 export async function handleFolderDrop(targetPath, fileIndices) {
   if (!fileIndices.length || !state.currentFolder) return;
   if (targetPath === state.currentFolder) return;
@@ -66,7 +61,7 @@ export async function handleFolderDrop(targetPath, fileIndices) {
     _pendingMoveTarget    = targetPath;
     _pendingMoveFiles     = selectedFiles;
     movePrefixInput.value = 'temp';
-    moveModal.style.display = 'flex';
+    openModal(moveModal);
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/renderer/rename.js b/src/renderer/rename.js
index 63a473f..1f3344e 100644
--- a/src/renderer/rename.js
+++ b/src/renderer/rename.js
@@ -2,32 +2,28 @@ import { state }                                        from './state.js';
 import { showLoading, hideLoading, setStatus, showToast } from './ui.js';
 import { renderGrid }                                    from './grid.js';
 import * as history                                      from './history.js';
+import { openModal, closeModal }                         from './modal.js';
 
 const inputPrefix            = document.getElementById('input-prefix');
 const inputDigits            = document.getElementById('input-digits');
 const renameConfirmModal     = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-modal');
-const renameConfirmTitle     = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-title');
+const renameConfirmSelectedTitle = renameConfirmModal.querySelector('.rename-title-selected');
+const renameConfirmAllTitle      = renameConfirmModal.querySelector('.rename-title-all');
 const renameConfirmMsg       = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-msg');
 const renameConfirmWarning   = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-selection-warning');
 const renameConfirmList      = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-list');
-const renameConfirmCancelBtn = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-cancel');
 const renameConfirmOkBtn     = document.getElementById('rename-confirm-ok');
 const renameConflictModal    = document.getElementById('rename-conflict-modal');
-const renameConflictCloseBtn = document.getElementById('rename-conflict-close');
 const renameConflictList     = document.getElementById('rename-conflict-list');
 
 let _renameConfirmResolve = null;
 
-renameConfirmCancelBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  closeRenameConfirm(false);
-});
-
 renameConfirmOkBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
   closeRenameConfirm(true);
 });
 
-renameConflictCloseBtn.addEventListener('click', () => {
-  renameConflictModal.style.display = 'none';
+renameConfirmModal.addEventListener('modal:closed', () => {
+  resolveRenameConfirm(false);
 });
 
 export async function doRename() {
@@ -58,7 +54,7 @@ export async function doRename() {
         li.textContent = n;
         return li;
       }));
-      renameConflictModal.style.display = 'flex';
+      openModal(renameConflictModal);
       return;
     }
   }
@@ -108,7 +104,8 @@ export async function doRename() {
 }
 
 function showRenameConfirm({ count, examples, more, isPartial }) {
-  renameConfirmTitle.textContent = isPartial ? '선택된 이미지 저장' : '전체 이미지 저장';
+  renameConfirmSelectedTitle.hidden = !isPartial;
+  renameConfirmAllTitle.hidden = isPartial;
   renameConfirmMsg.textContent = `${count}개 파일을 이름 변경합니다. 계속하시겠습니까?`;
   renameConfirmWarning.style.display = isPartial ? 'block' : 'none';
 
@@ -120,8 +117,7 @@ function showRenameConfirm({ count, examples, more, isPartial }) {
     return li;
   }));
 
-  renameConfirmModal.style.display = 'flex';
-  renameConfirmOkBtn.focus();
+  openModal(renameConfirmModal);
 
   return new Promise(resolve => {
     _renameConfirmResolve = resolve;
@@ -129,7 +125,11 @@ function showRenameConfirm({ count, examples, more, isPartial }) {
 }
 
 function closeRenameConfirm(confirmed) {
-  renameConfirmModal.style.display = 'none';
+  resolveRenameConfirm(confirmed);
+  closeModal(renameConfirmModal);
+}
+
+function resolveRenameConfirm(confirmed) {
   if (_renameConfirmResolve) {
     _renameConfirmResolve(confirmed);
     _renameConfirmResolve = null;
diff --git a/src/renderer/renderer.js b/src/renderer/renderer.js
index 74dec9b..4796a3e 100644
--- a/src/renderer/renderer.js
+++ b/src/renderer/renderer.js
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
 } from './grid.js';
 import { doRename }         from './rename.js';
 import { handleFolderDrop } from './move.js';
+import { initModalControls } from './modal.js';
 import * as deleteHandler   from './delete.js';
 import * as pinchZoom       from './handlers/pinch-zoom.js';
 import * as selection       from './handlers/selection.js';
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ const fileExplorerContainer = document.querySelector('.file-explorer');
 
 // ── 핸들러 초기화 ─────────────────────────────────
 history.setOnUpdate(updateHistoryButtons);
+initModalControls();
 
 const callbacks = {
   refreshCardSelection, updateSelCount, updateNumberBadges, updateNewNameLabels,
diff --git a/src/renderer/style.css b/src/renderer/style.css
index b502d8d..1956377 100644
--- a/src/renderer/style.css
+++ b/src/renderer/style.css
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
   --accent2:    #e96af7;
   --success:    #6af7a0;
   --warning:    #f7c26a;
+  --danger:     #ff6b7a;
   --info:       #6ac8f7;
   --text:       #e8e8f0;
   --muted:      #8f8fb8;
@@ -548,6 +549,16 @@ footer span { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); }
   font-size: 15px;
   font-weight: 700;
 }
+.modal-titlebar-warning {
+  color: var(--warning);
+  background: rgba(247,194,106,.12);
+  border-bottom-color: rgba(247,194,106,.35);
+}
+.modal-titlebar-danger {
+  color: var(--danger);
+  background: rgba(255,107,122,.12);
+  border-bottom-color: rgba(255,107,122,.35);
+}
 .modal-msg {
   font-size: 14px; color: var(--text); line-height: 1.7;
 }